Climate:
Role of Natural resources in Mango UHDP
Climate is a factor where we have no choice of selection for open field conditions; we have to adjust as per the climate. Sunlight, temperature, humidity, wind, and rain are the main components of climate that affect the growth and production of mango.
- With the help of Sunlight, leaves make food and plant development happens. In UHDP Mango plantation we allow maximum sunlight to enter in tree canopy by training the Mango plants. In other words we harvest sunlight to increase production.
- Mango grows well in humid and dry climates and 600 meters in height from mean sea level. Temperature range from 10 to 35 degrees Celsius is required at various growth stages of mango. 10 degree Celsius temperature for ten days is favorable for initiating flowers in mango. It is the climate due to which mango flowering and fruit harvesting months are different from South to North India.
- Mango grows well in a 200 to 2500 mm rainfall area.
- Bright sunlight during the year will increase the photosynthesis activity in mango and ultimately production. It also reduces infection of pests and diseases, and hence in the UHDP method, we concentrate on training and pruning activity in mango.
- Wind and Wind Velocity impact the infection of pests and diseases in the mango vegetative growth and the pollination of Mango flowers.
- Rain water harvesting structures in UHDP Mango garden improves soil health and ultimately plant growth and production.
Land selection:
- Soil, air, water, and organic carbon are very important factors of land.
- Mango can be grown on any land having a well-drained capacity.
- pH range from 6.5 to 7.5 is good for the growth of mango. Soil having pH higher than 8.5 has to add gypsum 2 tons per acre and also incorporate green manure crops in soil every year.
- Physical properties like soil texture and soil structure can be retained or improved by adding organic matter every year in soil. Farm Yard Manure, compost, vermicompost and waste organic materials are the easily available locally available sources of organic carbon. Mulching by waste organic material every year improves physical properties and organic carbon of soil and soil temperature as required by roots.
- Canopy management in UHDP Mango allows air to pass through plant which reduces disease and pest infection.
- Bed preparation for mango plantation in heavy black cotton soil and levelled land improves soil condition as per plant root requirement.
- Unlevelled land can be utilized for UHDP Mango plantation without disturbing the soil.
- Mango must not be planted in loamy and saline soils. Such soil doesn’t have the nutrients needed for crop growth. Therefore, the development of trees is affected, and also the death rate of trees remains high. To convert problematic soils to productive soil or to make suitable for Mango plantation is time consuming and also very expensive.
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