Selection of Variety In UHDP
Mango variety selection for mango plantation should be as per the geographical conditions of the place. Ideally, commercial varieties should be cultivated because of the type of soil, climate, and demand in the local areas. It would be advisable to plant mango varieties that the customers most like.
- Alphanso (Hapus), Ratna, Keshar, Totapuri, Rajapuri, Banganapalli, Amrapali, Mallika, Dusheri, Langanda, Payari, Badami, Chausa, Nilam, Sindhu, Suvarnarekha are the commercial and well-known varieties of Mango in different parts of India.
- Exotic mango varieties- Tommy Atkins, Maya, Hayden Kent, Kit Palmer, etc.
- Hybrid varieties- Ratna, Amrapali, Mallika, Sindhu, Nishan.
After the selection of mango variety, a minimum of 10 percent of other mango varieties should be selected. This will helps in cross-pollination and will increase fruit set and fruit quality means quantity and quality of mango production will be increased.
In Mango, male and female flowers are there on each tree and each bunch of flowers. Self-pollination also happens, but more than 90 percent of self-pollinated fruits are not intact, and fruit drop happens during fruit development. So in order to get fruit quality and quantity cross pollination must happen and that’s the reason that ten percent mango plants should be other variety other than main selected mango variety.
- Varieties Suitable for Mango Processing: Hapus, Totapuri, Keshar, Rajapuri, Banganapalli, Nilam, Mallika, Sonpari
- Best Varieties Suitable for mango pickles: Konkanruchi, Hapus, Nilam, Rajapuri, Ramkela, Desi.
- Varieties are suitable for table purposes: Alphanso, Kesar, Ratna, Dasheri, Amrapali, Mallika.
Components of Mango Graft
Root stock and scion are the two parts of mango graft. Union of root stock and scion must be one year age at planting time. Mango graft require one year of hardening period. If graft taken for grafting is less than one year it may get infected with fungus. Variety selection means the scion of your mango graft. Every grower is keen about variety selection but nobody cares about root stock which decides the life and health of your mango orchard. The root stock must be from your local area so that it will withstand your agro climatic conditions, will withstand in adverse climatic conditions and suitable in soil type of your geographical area. Healthy root stock develops healthy plant and retains the health of tree forever.
Types of Mango Grafts
Stone Graft
Stone graft is mostly preferred and accepted by mango growers. Grafting is done within one month after germination of root stock at copper leaf stage. Union matching in this graft is perfect and success ratio of grafting is also good.
Top shoot graft or soft wood graft
Top shoot graft or soft wood graft is made at any time when stone grafting stage is over. This type of grafting is done at one to two feet height. This type of graft is not accepted by growers as bilateral growth on root stock after plantation happens in the field. And this growth is very fast. If proper attention is not given this root stock growth overtake scion growth.
Hard wood grafting
Hard wood grafting is done from one year age to five to ten year age. It is not advisable in UHDP method.
Side Grafting
Side grafting is done same as top shoot grafting. In above all methods of grafting, it is done by Taking V type cut on root stock and scion is inserted into this V notch where as in side grafting, grafting is done by taking side cut both on root stock and scion.
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